Event:
1785 James Edward Oglethorpe, founder of the state of Georgia, dies.
Celebrated Birth:
Paul François Jean Nicolas, vicomte de Barras (b. 1755 – January 29, 1829), French politician of the French Revolution.
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Event:
1776 Virginia adopts its Constitution.
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Event:
1776 The committee of five, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, Robert Livingston, and Roger Sherman, presents the Declaration of Independence to Congress.
1776 The battle Sullivan’s Island, North Carolina. The British opened a 10-hour bombardment on the Island. Henry Clinton had been led to believe that his army could storm Fort Sullivan by crossing the shallows between the two islands at low tide. When the favorable tide came, it was discovered that the waters were more than six feet deep. No land assault took place. Despite General Charles Lee’s warnings about the structure of the fortifications not being up to the challenge. The palmetto logs of the Fort possessed an elastic quality that was highly effective in warding off cannon fire. American militiamen were able to pour heavy fire into the British ships and inflict heavy damage. At the end of the long day’s fighting, the British fleet had failed to move into Charleston Harbor, which gave the Patriots a stunning victory at the cost of 10 killed and several dozen wounded.
1780 The Battle of Monmouth. The main American Continental Army under George Washington attacks the rear of the British Army’s column led by Sir Henry Clinton as they left Monmouth Court House. The battle is the last major engagement of the northern theatre. The American and British troops each had over 13,000 men and it’s the largest one-day battle of the war when measured in terms of participants. The legend of ‘Molly Pitcher’ a housewife who took the place of her fallen husband came from this battle.
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Event:
1778 After meeting in York, Pennsylvania for the past nine months, due to General Howe’s hold on Philadelphia, The Continental Congress adjourns their meetings in York. They will reconvene in Philadelphia.
1787 Luther Martin of Maryland spoke for more than three hours in opposition of the Virginia Plan’s proposal for proportionate representation in both houses of the legislature. He was appointed to a committee to seek a compromise and supported the plan for at least one house to have an equal number of delegates per state. But being apposed to the direction that the convention was taking he left before its conclusion.
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Event:
1784 Ceasar Rodney, Delaware signer of the Declaration of Independence, dies.
Celebrated Birth:
John Langdon (b. 1741—September 18, 1819) New Hampshire member of the Continental Congress, member of the Constitutional Convention, signed the Constitution of the United States.
Arthur Middleton (b. 1742 – January 1, 1787) South Carolina member of Continental Congress, signed the Declaration of Independence, held prisoner by British at Charleston
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Event:
1767 Georg Philipp Telemann, German composer, dies. The most prolific composer of his era, a contemporary of Johann Sebastian Bach and friend of George Frideric Handel. While today Bach is generally thought of as the greater composer, Telemann was more widely renowned for his musical abilities during his lifetime.
1778 Ten States report to the Continental Congress that they had ratified the Articles of Confederation. Only New Jersey, Delaware and Maryland had not ratified by this date. New Jersey would ratify it on November 20, 1778 and Delaware on February 1, 1779. Maryland due to western border disputes with Virginia and New York would not ratify it until February 2, 1781. The Articles were signed by the Maryland delegation on March first and were formally adopted.
1788 Virginia becomes the tenth state to ratify the United States Constitution.
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Birth:
1777 John Ross, Scottish rear admiral and Arctic explorer.
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Event:
1780 At the Battle of Springfield, in New Jersey, American forces defeat the British. With the British now concentrating more on the War in the South this was the last major engagement in the North.
1786 The Emperor of Morocco signs The Treaty of Friendship and Amity, also called the Treaty of Marrakech. The treaty is delivered to Thomas Barclay, who conducted the treaty negotiations to sign on June 28. Binding for 50 years, the Treaty was signed by Thomas Jefferson at Paris on January 1, 1787, and John Adams at London on January 25, 1787 and ratified on July 18, 1787 by the Continental Congress. The treaty marked the beginning of diplomatic relations between the two countries and it was the first treaty between any Arab, Muslim, or African State and the United States.
Birth:
1763 Joséphine de Beauharnais, first wife of Napoléon Bonaparte.
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Event:
1774 The Quebec Act enlarges the boundaries of Catholic Quebec south to the Ohio River, taking land that many Protestant colonists had already claimed. Colonists label the Quebec Act and the Coercive Acts as the Intolerable Acts.
Celebrated Birth:
William Richardson Davie (b. 1756 – November 29, 1820) North Carolina member of the Constitutional Convention left before he could sign the document but argued for its passage.
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Event:
1764 The English-language Quebec Gazette is established in Quebec City, Canada. It will merge with the Morning Chronicle and renamed Quebec Chronicle and Quebec Gazette in 1873. Another merger in 1925 with the Quebec Daily Telegraph and the Quebec Chronicle-Telegraph was born. It considers itself the oldest newspaper in North America.
1788 New Hampshire becomes the ninth state to ratify the United States Constitution. With their ratification The Constitution goes into effect.
Birth:
1774 Daniel D. Tompkins, Congressman, Governor of New York, and sixth Vice President of the United States
Celebrated Birth:
Enoch Poor (b. 1736– September 8, 1780) a brigadier general in the Continental Army.
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