March 31

Event:
1774 The Boston Port Act becomes law. It orders that the port of Boston to be closed until full restitution for the destroyed tea is made. The act also moved the state capital from Boston to Salem. This is the first of the acts that the colonist called the Intolerable Acts.

1776 In a letter to her husband, John Adams, Abigail Adams wrote; ”I long to hear that you have declared an independancy–and by the way in the new Code of Laws which I suppose it will be necessary for you to make I desire that you would Remember the Ladies, and be more generous and favourable to them than your ancestors. Do not put such unlimited power into the hands of the Husbands. Remember all Men would be tyrants if they could.”

1782 Mission San Buenaventura is founded, on Easter Sunday, by the Spanish Franciscan friar Junípero Serra. It is the ninth mission in the twenty-one mission chain in California. The Mission is located in Ventura, California and is the last founded by Father Serra.

Celebrated Birth:
Franz Joseph Haydn (b. 1732 – May 31, 1809) German-born Austrian composer. He is called the ‘Father of the Symphony’.

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March 30

Event:
1775 The New England Restraining Act is approved by Parliament and King George III. These acts include;
* Effective July 1, 1775, New England trade to be limited to Britain and the British West Indies; trade with other nations is prohibited.
* Effective July 20, 1775, New England ships are barred from the North Atlantic fisheries — a measure that pleased British Canadians, but threatened great harm to the New England economy. In April 1775, the colonies of Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Virginia, Maryland and South Carolina will be included under the Restraining Act’s provisions.

Celebrated Birth:
Francisco José de Goya y Lucientes (b. 1746 – April 16, 1828) Spanish painter and printmaker.

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March 29

Event:
1772 Emanuel Swedenborg dies. He was a Swedish scientist, philosopher, seer, and theologian.

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March 28

Event:
1776 A Spanish fort is sited by Juan Bautista de Anza. The Fort is on the site of The Presidio of San Francisco.

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March 27

Event:
1782 Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham becomes Prime Minister Britain. Upon taking office, he acknowledged the independence of the United States and began an end to British involvement in the Revolutionary War.

Birth:
1785 Louis-Charles, Duke of Normandy, son for Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette.

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March 26

Event:
1776 Samuel Ward dies. As a member of the Continental Congress from Rhode Island, he dies while attending congress from smallpox. His great-granddaughter, Julia Ward Howe, will write the words for the “Battle Hymn of the Republic”.

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March 25

Celebrated Birth:
Richard Dobbs Spaight (b. 1758 – September 6, 1802) North Carolina member of the Continental Congress, member of the Constitutional Convention, signed the United States Constitution.

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March 24

Event:
1765 The Quartering Act is passed. The act requires the American Colonist to provide quarters and supplies to the 10,000 British troops in America.

Celebrated Birth:
Thomas Cushing (b. 1725 – February 28, 1788) Massachusetts lawyer and statesman from Boston, delegate for to the Continental Congress from 1774 to 1776, apposed independence and Massachusetts removed him as a delegate in January 1776.

Rufus King (b. 1755–April 29, 1827) Massachusetts member of the Continental Congress, member of the Constitutional Convention, signer of the Constitution.

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March 23

Event:
1775 Patrick Henry, at the second session of the Virginia Convention, at St. John’s Church in Richmond, speaking in support of his proposals is believed to say;
‘Besides, sir, we shall not fight our battles alone. There is a just God who presides over the destinies of nations, and who will raise up friends to fight our battles for us. The battle, sir, is not to the strong alone; it is to the vigilant, the active, the brave. Besides, sir, we have no election. If we were base enough to desire it, it is now too late to retire from the contest. There is no retreat but in submission and slavery! Our chains are forged. Their clanking may be heard on the plains of Boston! The war is inevitable — and let it come! I repeat it, sir, let it come!

It is vain, sir, to extenuate the matter. Gentlemen may cry, peace, peace; but there is no peace. The war is actually begun! The next gale that sweeps from the north will bring to our ears the clash of resounding arms! Our brethren are already in the field! Why stand we here idle? What is it that gentlemen wish? What would they have? Is life so dear or peace so sweet as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery?

Forbid it, Almighty God — I know not what course others may take; but as for me — give me liberty or give me death!’

Celebrated Birth:
Arthur St. Clair (b. 1734 – August 31, 1818) Pennsylvania member of Continental Congress, President of the United States in Congress Assembled under the Articles of Confederation.

March 22

Event:
1765 The Stamp Act is passed as the first “direct tax” on the American colonies. It required stamped paper to be used for legal documents, diplomas, almanacs, broadsides, newspapers and playing cards The 18th century use of the word stamp is often confusing to modern readers, whose minds usually conjure images of postage stamps that were not used until the 19th century. The word originally referred to what today is called embossing — the use of pressure on a “stamp” to imprint a raised design on paper, fabric or metal. The use of stamped paper for legal documents had been common for decades in England and, according to law; those agreements made on unstamped paper were not enforceable.

1775 Edmund Burke makes a speech in the House of Commons urging that a policy to reconcile with the American Colonist should be adopted.

1784 The Emerald Buddha, in a great ceremony, is moved to its current home in Wat Phra Kaew. As the palladium of the Kingdom of Thailand, it is a figurine of the sitting Buddha, made of green jade and clothed in gold.

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